Terms, privacy, and how this site is run.

What this library is for

The conditions, procedures, and articles on this site exist to help you walk into an appointment understanding what is being discussed. They are general education, not a diagnosis and not a treatment plan, and they are written on the assumption that you will be examined before anything is decided.

Who writes it and who reviews it

Clinical content is written for the practice and reviewed by Dr. Nikhil Adapa for accuracy before it is published. Where a page records a named author or reviewer, that credit is shown on the page. Where it does not, the page should be read as Adapa Spine patient education rather than as one clinician’s personal opinion.

Software is used to draft and check this material, in the way a word processor or a style checker is used. It does not make a clinical judgement and it does not constitute authorship. A page does not publish until a clinician has read it.

Sourcing and the claims we will make

How a statement is supported depends on what kind of statement it is.

• Anatomy and mechanism are drawn from established reference texts and are described in plain language rather than quoted.
• Recommendations that change over time are written against current literature or society guidance, and are revised when that guidance moves.
• Where a study is summarized, it is identified, and what the study found is kept separate from what happens in this practice.
• Credentials, training, and hospital affiliations are stated only where they can be verified independently.

Success rates and complication rates specific to this practice are not published. Producing those honestly requires an audited dataset, and quoting a number without one is marketing rather than information.

How medical information is framed here

A finding on a scan is not by itself a diagnosis, and pages that describe imaging say so. Treatment options are presented according to what the diagnosis actually calls for, not as a ladder that ends in surgery. Non-operative care first. Surgery only when it is the right answer.

Technology is described as a tool that suits particular problems, never as a reason to have an operation. Risk and recovery are written as ranges that depend on the person, because that is what they are. Warning signs that need urgent attention are stated plainly and early rather than buried at the end of a page.

Dates and updates

Where a page records a publication or revision date, the site shows it. Where it does not, none is displayed rather than one being invented, and no claim is made that every page is reviewed on a fixed annual cycle.

Pages are revised when the underlying evidence changes, when an error is found, when a practical fact such as a location or a procedure offered changes, or when something reads less clearly than it should.

Corrections

A material error is corrected in the text itself, so that what you read is right. It is not left standing with a note attached. This applies to incorrect credentials, a misattributed author or reviewer, a wrong statement about where care is provided, and any clinical claim that turns out not to be supported.

What this site will not publish

No guarantees of outcome. No before-and-after imagery implying a typical result. No patient story or review without that patient’s permission. No sponsored or paid placement presented as editorial content, and no payment accepted in exchange for recommending a device, a drug, or another clinician.

The limits of reading

A website cannot weigh your history, your examination, and your imaging together, which is the only way to know what is right for you. Nothing here should delay urgent care. If something on this site conflicts with what your own clinician has told you after examining you, go with your clinician.

Report an error

If something here is wrong or unclear, the practice wants to know. Call 210-293-9380 or use the contact page, and name the page you are reading.